Modern mechanical ventilators are far more than gas delivery devices – they are complex, microprocessor-driven systems that integrate engineering, physiology, and advanced algorithms to support critically ill patients.
In this session, Dr. Natalie Napolitano takes a deep dive into the inner workings of contemporary ventilators, starting with a brief evolution of mechanical ventilation – from early negative-pressure devices to today’s sophisticated, closed-loop platforms. The webinar will explore the core components of modern ICU ventilators, explaining how gas flow, sensors, valves, and microprocessor control systems interact to deliver a breath.
Participants will develop a structured understanding of ventilator function through the lens of the control loop – including controlled variables, phase variables, and sensor–valve feedback – providing a unifying framework across modes and manufacturers. The session will also examine key technological differences, including compressed-gas versus turbine-driven systems, and their clinical implications.
A dedicated focus will be placed on ventilatory modes, comparing conventional approaches with advanced and proprietary adaptive modes such as ASV, PAV+, NAVA, and SmartCare/PS, while highlighting why similarly named modes may behave differently across brands. Differences across leading manufacturers (including Hamilton, Dräger, Getinge, Medtronic, and Mindray) will also be discussed, particularly in areas such as triggering, leak compensation, and overall design philosophy.
Finally, the webinar will distinguish ICU ventilators from transport ventilators – clarifying their respective roles and limitations – and explore emerging directions in the field, including AI-supported decision tools, mechanical power monitoring, automated titration, and closed-loop weaning strategies.
